In 2017, the Pee Dee Indian Tribe officially began work on the Pee Dee Tribal Mounds located on tribal land in McColl. It was occupied about 200 years and abandoned after AD 1150, for unknown reasons. Town Creek Indian Mound, a National Historic Landmark located across the border in present-day Montgomery County, North Carolina, is a surviving platform mound and archeological village site of this Pee Dee culture. The settlements developed about AD 1000, later than did some of the largest settlements to the northwest that were closer to the Mississippi River and its tributaries. In the 1960s and early 1970s, researchers identified numerous sites in South Carolina and the Southeast that they associated with what they have classified as South Appalachian Mississippian culture. Though nearly wiped out by European settlers, the Pee Dee Indian Tribe was able to survive centuries of war, disease, slavery and oppression, and has continued to maintain a presence in the area. At the time of European encounter, the inhabitants of the area were the Pee Dee. Succeeding indigenous peoples occupied this area for thousands of years. Since 1976, the tribe's official seat of government has operated on land awarded to the tribe in Marlboro County. Their influence and continual presence gave the region its Pee Dee name. While today the tribe consists of just over 200 enrolled members, they were once a significant cultural and political power in the region. The tribe was officially recognized by the government of South Carolina around the beginning of the 21st century, and they have been seeking federal acknowledgment since 1976. Marlboro County is home to the Pee Dee Indian Tribe, a relatively small American Indian tribe that has occupied the Pee Dee region for several centuries. As of the 2020 census, its population was 26,667. Marlboro County is a county located in the Pee Dee region on the northern border of the U.S.
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